Briefing Council Member Valenzuela
Healthy City Rankings Review
The Issue
A literature review of electronic
resources shows that Phoenix generally ranks mid-pack in terms of the
“healthiest” largest city in the U.S.
AFI / The Measures
The American Fitness Index (AFI) is
an initiative of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) that aims to assess
the overall health and fitness of U.S. metropolitan cities. Scores are assigned
by comparing various indicators to the national average and rewarding or penalizing
the cities as appropriate. The scoring falls into two categories: 1) personal
health indicators and 2) community and environmental indicators. The AFI report
reflects a city’s preventive health behaviors, levels of disease conditions,
health care access, and community resources and polices that support physical
activity. The indicators that make the difference between a healthy,
fitness-friendly city and one that ranks poorly is banning smoking in public
places, adding parks, walking trails and bike trails, and prioritizing healthy
habits. Many publications use various studies and reports, but the AFI is the
most consistent report used. Forbes, NBC, Huffington Post, and other resources
cite to the AFI where Phoenix ranks near the middle of all metro cities
studied.
Another study is the Centrum
Healthiest Cities Study which issued a “health report card” of U.S. cities. The
50 largest metro cities were tested against each other in five categories where
Phoenix ranked 21st. Also, the Gallup Healthways Well-Being Index is another
study to measure a city’s rank of happiness and health. The poll has surveyed
more than 300,000 Americans and questions 1,000 people on a daily basis. The
survey includes questions about jobs, finances, physical health, emotional
state of mind, and communities. Phoenix ranks 69th out of 190.
Phoenix
The AFI ranks Phoenix 32nd
among the 50 largest metro areas. Phoenix has the highest percentage of
residents with asthma at 11.9%. Way below the average of 93.2, Phoenix only
provides 71.0 health care providers per 100,000 residents. According to the
AFI, 82.6% of Phoenix’s population reported participating in a physical
activity in the last 30 days. With a decent amount of parkland, Phoenix fails
in the number of recreational facilities provided leading to a 44th
ranking in community/environmental indicators.
Areas where Phoenix excels include:
lower death rate for cardiovascular disease, lower death rate for diabetes,
higher percentage of city land area as parkland, and more acres of parkland per
capita.
Improvement priority areas for
Phoenix are: higher percent with asthma, higher percent with angina or coronary
heart disease, fewer farmers’ markets per capita, lower percent using public
transportation to work, lower percent bicycling or walking to work, fewer ball
diamonds per capita, fewer dog parks per capita, fewer playgrounds per capita,
fewer golf courses per capita, fewer parks per capita, fewer recreation centers
per capita, fewer pools per capita, fewer tennis courts per capita, lower
park-related expenditures per capita, lower number of primary health care
providers per capita.